In a significant escalation of the Syrian Civil War, insurgent forces have breached Aleppo, Syria's largest city, for the first time since 2016. This surprise offensive, initiated on 29 November marks a pivotal shift in the conflict's dynamics.
Aleppo has been a focal point throughout the Syrian civil war. The city was divided between government and rebel forces from 2012 until 2016, when a prolonged and devastating battle culminated in the government's recapture of the city. The current offensive marks the most significant challenge to government control in Aleppo since that time.
The operation began on 27 November with thousands of fighters from Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and allied groups launching a coordinated assault through Syria's northwestern countryside. Within days, they captured strategic towns and villages, including Saraqeb, Khan al-Sabil, and At-Talhiyah, effectively severing key supply routes and destabilizing government defenses.
By 29 November, insurgent forces had penetrated Aleppo's western districts, such as Al-Hamdaniya and New Aleppo, encountering minimal resistance. The rapid advance led to the capture of significant portions of the city, including the historic Citadel of Aleppo and the main government headquarters.
The Syrian government, led by President Bashar al-Assad, appeared unprepared for the swift offensive. Reports indicate that government forces retreated from several positions, leading to a rapid insurgent advance. The Syrian Armed Forces have vowed to repel the attack, accusing insurgents of disseminating false information about their gains.
This resurgence of conflict in Aleppo adds complexity to an already volatile region. Allies of the Assad regime, including Russia and Iran, are currently engaged in other regional conflicts, potentially limiting their capacity to provide immediate support. The offensive coincides with a ceasefire between Iran-linked groups and Israel, further straining the resources of Assad's allies.
The renewed fighting has precipitated a humanitarian crisis, with thousands of residents fleeing Aleppo amidst intense clashes and bombardments. Civilians have been caught in the crossfire, and there are reports of casualties due to shelling in residential areas.
The insurgent advance into Aleppo represents a critical juncture in the Syrian civil war, potentially altering the balance of power and exacerbating the humanitarian crisis. The situation remains fluid, with the potential for further escalation as regional and international actors respond to these developments.
Image: Vyacheslav Argenberg/Wikimedia Commons
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